Pests and Diseases in the Garden
Continue to monitor pests and diseases in the garden and treat for specific problems. Plants can be more susceptible to problems due to drought situations. Some pest damage in the garden is okay. Observe your plants and simply pick pests from your plants by hand. Horticulture oils and insecticidal soap work well for pests but use them during cooler times of the day such as early morning or late evening to avoid extreme heat which can hinder the effects of the oil. Use a fungicide for powdery mildew. Clean garden tools regularly to avoid the spread of disease. Wipe with a weak bleach solution or rubbing alcohol between uses on infected plants.
Avoid applying lawn weed kills now because high temperatures increase the chance they will damage your grass.
Perennial Care
Tall plants can shade out or fall over onto smaller plants, and some plants will spread into areas where they were not intended to grow.
Be sure to observe problems you see with your plantings and make decisions on what to remove, divide or transplant this fall. In the meantime, however, follow these tips for summer care:
Prune overgrown perennials, especially those that bloom over a long period and well into the fall.
Stake or support larger perennials as needed. If young children will be playing around the garden, the stakes should be taller than the children to avoid injury.
Straighten any leaning plants and wedge a piece of brick or stone at the base of each. This will support the plant and help it grow more upright but won’t be too visible.
Many perennials spread by underground stems – some fast, some slow. Dig out unwanted growth outside the area allotted to the plant and pot it up, replant it somewhere else or throw it away. Barriers extending 8 to 12 inches down into the ground around aggressive spreaders can help keep them under control.
Don’t forget to prune azaleas no later than mid-July. Pruning azaleas after early to midsummer may remove next season’s developing flower buds. This applies to many spring-flowering shrubs as well as hydrangeas and garden. Keep caladiums well watered during hot, dry weather to keep the foliage in good shape through the summer. You may apply a fertilizer based on label directions to encourage vigorous growth. Break off any flowers that form.
During the month of July, continue to plant warm-season bedding plants such as Mexican heather, ornamental peppers, ornamental sweet potatoes, angelonia, coleus, impatiens, periwinkle, cosmos, begonia, pentas, globe amaranth, ageratum, salvia Victoria, marigold, portulaca, blue daze, perennial verbena, purslane, dusty miller, rudbeckia, abelmoschus, narrow-leaf zinnia, Profusion zinnia, wishbone flower, caladium, balsam, gerbera daisy, gaillardia, celosia, lantana, scaevola, melampodium, butterfly weed, shrimp plant, cleome, four o’clock, perilla, hardy hibiscus (mallow), sunflower, salvias and cigar flower.
Due to the intense heat, it is not recommended to plant hardy trees or shrubs this month as they may not survive. Palms, herbaceous tropical plants such as ginger, cannas and elephant ears can be moved during this time of year. Keep palms watered during their fist summer in the ground.
Continue to water lawns and gardens with about an inch of water per week during dry spells. Gardeners should drink plenty of water. Avoid the hottest part of the day to water plants. If possible use a sprinkler where needed. And by all means use insect repellent and sunscreen for protection.
Pentas Among Best Plants for Butterfly Gardens
Pentas (Pentas lanceolata) are among the best summer bedding plants for butterfly gardens, and nothing beats the Butterfly strain of pentas.
These great summer bedding plants will produce clusters of flowers in shades of pink, white, red and lavender all through the summer.
Other excellent nectar plants for butterfly gardens include Mexican butterfly weed (Asclepias curassavica), coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), butterfly bush (Buddleia species), lantana (Lantana camara, L. montevidensis) and salvias (Salvia species).
Hibiscus moscheutos “Disco Belle” produces large flowers in red, rosy pink and white. ’Southern Belle Mix’ produces five to six foot plants with ten to twelve inch flowers in red, white and pink. Plants performs best in full sun and well drained soil. This plant has no major pest of disease problem. Has showy flowers attracts butterflies and hummingbirds. It is not fully winter hard but normally returns from the rootstock. Fertilize once just before new growth in early spring. Cut back spindly stems to create a bushier plant.
Serena Angelonias
Serena angelonias is one of the latest plants to be selected for the Louisiana Super Plants designation.
Showing the excellent heat and humidity tolerance that is so critical to success in our area, angelonias are tender herbaceous perennials that generally are grown as annuals. They are bushy plants with narrow, dark green foliage and spikes of attractive flowers in various colors. They may be planted during summer and will bloom until the first hard freeze.
Growing only 12 to 18 inches tall, Serena angelonias are among the most compact. The strain provides an excellent selection of colors, including Serena Lavender, Serena Lavender Pink, Serena White and Serena Purple. These angelonias are absolutely some of the very best bedding plants around.
Serena angelonias will grow best in well-prepared beds amended with organic matter and a light fertilizer application, just as you would do for other bedding plants. Since they thrive in heat, add them to your gardens anytime during the summer. Full to part sun (six to eight hours of direct sun daily) will produce stocky plants with plenty of flower spikes. Avoid areas that are too shady.
Once established, however, Serena angelonias are somewhat drought tolerant and hang tough during hot, dry weather. They have no major insect or disease problems in our state.
Summer Vegetables
July is the time to transplant tomatoes and bell peppers in mid-July for fall production. Plant okra, southern peas, cucumbers, squash, cantaloupes, pumpkins and watermelons.
Mid- to late July: Seed broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, collards and winter squash. You can still transplant bell peppers and tomatoes.
Pumpkins
Pumpkins for Halloween should be planted during early to mid-July. Apply 3-5 pounds of a complete fertilizer (13-13-13) for each 100 feet of row before planting.
Plant five to six seeds in each of your hills spaced about every 4 to 5 feet on rows 6 to 8 feet apart. Thin to one or two plants per hill. Apply a sidedressing of 1 pound (1 pint) of ammonium nitrate per 100 feet of row when vines begin to run. Keep soil moist for best production. Autumn Harvest, Orange Smoothie, Cinderella, Silver Moon and Conestoga are excellent varieties to grow for Halloween.
Cabbage can be seeded beginning in mid-July and seed through September. You also may transplant beginning in early August through mid-October. Fertilize the same as broccoli and cauliflower. Space cabbage, cauliflower and Chinese cabbage about 12 to 14 inches apart and broccoli 6 to 12 inches apart. Double drills (two drills of plants spaced 10-12 inches apart on a single row) will help maximize yield. Try Rio Verde for late plantings. Recommended early maturity varieties include Platinum, Dynasty, Gold Dynasty and Stonehead (AAS). Maturing a little later are Rio Verde, Solid Blue 780, Red Dynasty, Emblem, Blue Dynasty, Thunderhead Royal Vantage, Silver Dynasty, Blue Thunder, Cheers, Vantage Point, Savoy Ace (AAS) and Savoy King (AAS).
Broccoli and cauliflower can be direct-seeded beginning in mid-July through September or transplanted from early August through early September. It takes four to six weeks to produce transplants from seed. In general, broccoli and cauliflower will require 5 to 6 pounds (or pints) of a complete fertilizer such as 8-24-24 or 13-13-13 per 100 feet of row. These crops, especially cauliflower, require fast, continuous growth for proper head development. Keep them well watered and fertilized. Side-dress plants with ¾ pound (1 ½ cups) of ammonium nitrate per 100 feet of row three to four weeks after transplanting and again two weeks after that. Varieties that will produce in about 60 days from transplanting reduce the chance of cold-weather damage. Recommended varieties are:
| Broccoli | Cauliflower |
| Arcadia | Majestic |
| Gypsy | Candid Charm |
| Diplomat | Cumberland |
| Packman | Snow Crown |
| Freedom |
submitted by Karen Blackburn